“The Constitution of the 3rd May 1791” is a historical painting executed by Jan Matejko in 1891 using oil on canvas. This monumental artwork, measuring 446 by 247 centimeters, is an exemplary piece of the Romanticism art movement. Currently housed in the Royal Castle in Warsaw, Poland, it stands as a significant representation of a pivotal moment in Polish history.
The artwork captures a vivid and dynamic scene of the proclamation of the Constitution of May 3, 1791, in Warsaw. Set against the architectural backdrop of the Royal Castle and the surrounding buildings, the painting is filled with a multitude of figures. The people depicted are engaged in various forms of energetic and passionate expressions, demonstrating the profound impact of this historic event. The rich detail in the portrayal of the characters’ costumes and expressions, along with the strategic use of light and shadow, enhances the dramatic and emotional intensity of the scene. The prominent figures at the center exhibit a sense of determination and resolve, embodying the spirit of the Constitution and its significance in the context of Polish history.
