The Barbizon School was an informal group of French painters that produced work in and around the village of Barbizon, which lies just outside of Paris close to the Forest of Fontainebleau. They were pioneers of the Naturalist movement in landscape art painting. Barbizon school is characterized by tonal qualities, colour harmony, loose brushwork, and gentleness …
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Emil Nolde was a Danish painter born on 7 August 1867 in Nolde, Denmark. After learning furniture design for four years, Emil enrolled at the Karlsruhe School of Applied Arts to study art in 1889. Three years later, he took up the position of art instructor at St. Gallen. Nolde then abandoned his teaching job …
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Francis Bacon was an Irish painter born on 28 October 1909 in Dublin, Ireland. Due to his father’s distaste for homosexuality, Bacon was exiled from his father’s house as a teenager. He spent the next period of his life traveling around Europe, eventually settling in London in the late-1960s. Bacon initially worked with furniture design …
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Georgia O’Keeffe was an American painter born on 15 November 1887 in Wisconsin, USA. Encouraged by her family from an early age, Georgia received watercolor lessons from Sara Mann, a local artist. Between 1905 and 1908, O’Keeffe attended the Art Institute of Chicago and the Art Students League, studying under John Vanderpoel and William Merritt …
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Hans Holbein was a German painter born in Augsburg, Germany, in 1497. Holbein was born into a family with an artistic background, which influenced him to become a painter. In 1515, Holbein moved with his brother to Basel, where they apprenticed with Han Herbster. In addition, he took trips to Italy to study the works …
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Johannes Vermeer was a Dutch painter born in October 1632 in Delft, The Dutch Republic. Born into a lower-class family, Vermeer got early art training in the 1640s as an apprentice of Carel Fabritius, who was the pupil of Rembrandt Rijn. In 1653, Vermeer married a Catholic woman from a well-to-do family, converting to Catholicism …
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John Sloan was an American painter born on 2 August 1871 in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania. Encouraged by his father, an amateur painter, Sloan pursued an art career and left school as a teenager. He practiced etching by copying prints from the bookstore where he worked. Sloan studied at the Spring Garden Institute and the Pennsylvania …
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Max Ernst was a German painter born on 2 April 1891 in Bruhl, Germany. Ernst, being a rebellious young man, abandoned his study of philosophy and picked up painting. He developed his ability by studying and copying the works of famous painters. In 1919, Ernst created collages and recreated manuals and catalogs fantastically. He also …
Paul Klee was a Swiss painter born on 18 December 1879 in Munchenbuchsee, Switzerland. Klee, favoring his interest in drawing and painting over music, decided to pursue an art career. From 1900, he studied in the atelier of Franz Von Stuck in Munich. However, Klee’s involvement with modern art did not begin till 1911 after …
Phillip Guston was an American painter born on 27 June 1913 in Montreal, Canada. As a young boy, Guston occupied himself with comic books and drawing them, prompting his mother to enroll him at the Cleveland School of Cartooning. Subsequently, he attended the Manual Arts High School and Otis Art Institute. After his education, Guston …
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Rene Magritte was a Belgian painter born on 21 November 1898 in Lessines, Belgium. Magritte’s artistic studies began in 1916 at the Academie des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. On his return to Belgium after his military service, he worked as a draftsman under the supervision of Victor Servranckx and started painting freelance the following year. The …
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Salvador Dali was a Spanish painter born on 11 May 1904 in Figueres, Catalonia. Dali studied art as a teenager at the Madrid School of Fine Arts and furthered at the Special Painting, Sculpture, and Engraving School of San Fernando. He experimented with several mediums before eventually associating with the surrealists. In the mid-1930s, Dali …
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Rembrandt van Rijn was a Dutch painter and printmaker, widely considered one of the greatest artists of all time. Rembrandt was born on 15 July 1607 in Leiden, the Dutch Republic. After withdrawing from the university, Rembrandt apprenticed under Jacob Swanenburgh and Pieter Lastman. On his return to Leiden, Rembrandt established his studio and started …
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Thomas Gainsborough was a British painter born on 14 May 1727 in Sudbury, England. As early as 1737, Gainsborough showed an interest in portraiture and landscape painting, a theme he would maintain throughout his art career. In 1740, he began studying under Hubert Francois Gravelot in London and furthered his education at the St Martin’s …
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Alberto Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor and painter born on 10 October 1901 in Stampa, Graubunden. Alberto’s artistic background influenced his development so much that he painted his first at age twelve. Giacometti studied at the Ecole des Arts Industriels under David Estoppey and Maurice Sarkissoff. Giacometti also studied ancient works in Italy before moving …
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Howard Hodgkin was a British painter born on 6 August 1932 in Hammersmith, London. Hodgkin decided to become a painter early on and studied at the Camberwell School of Art, where he created his first work as a teenager. Subsequently, he spent four years at the Bath Academy of Art. After completing his studies, Hodgkin …
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Jean Arp was a French sculptor born on 16 September 1886 in Strasbourg, Alsace. Arp began studying art in Strasbourg and then transferred to Paris to complete his schooling. Afterward, Arp’s ability developed rapidly, and he co-founded the Der Moderne Bund in Switzerland in 1911. Subsequently, Arp moved to Zurich, where he co-founded the Dada …
Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American painter born on 22 December 1960 in Brooklyn, New York. After he dropped out of high school, Basquiat developed his artistic ability solely by visualizing and practicing. He never attended an art school. Basquiat and his friend made graffiti on walls and buildings in downtown Manhattan, which helped him gain …
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Jan Van Eyck was a Dutch painter born in 1390 in Maaseyck, Maastricht. Jan’s older siblings were painters, and he received his first art lessons from his older brother Hubert. His first works were book illustrations that won him recognition from notable persons. In the early-1420s, Van Eyck became the court painter to John of …
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Roy Lichtenstein was an American painter born on 27 October 1923 in New York. Roy was born into a comfortable family, and his parents supported his artistic ambitions. As a teenager, he received art instructions at the Parsons School of Design. Afterward, Lichtenstein attended the Arts Students League and the Ohio State University. Lichtenstein …
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Damien Hirst is a British conceptual artist born on 7 June 1965 in Bristol, England. As a child, Hirst struggled with school but excelled in art, leading to his decision to pursue art at the university. From 1986 to 1989, Damien studied art at Goldsmiths University of London and graduated with a Bachelor’s degree. Hirst’s …
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Edouard Manet was a French painter born on 23 January 1832 in Paris, France. He took drawing classes as a teenager and later took lessons in Thomas Couture’s studio. Despite his immense talent, Manet’s revolting traits saw his works constantly refused by the Salon. He responded by holding regular meetings with like-minded, talented painters and …
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Giorgio De Chirico was an Italian painter born on 10 July 1888 in Volos, Greece. De Chirico took an interest in art and Greek mythology as a child and received full support from his parents. He studied at the Higher School of Fine Arts in Athens for two years before moving to Munich, where he …
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Fernand Leger was a French painter born on 4 February 1881 in Argentan, France. When Fernand’s artistic talents began to manifest at a young age, his parents sent him to apprentice with an architect. He got formal training at the Academie Julian and the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs. Subsequently, Leger exhibited at the Salon des …
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Jacques-Louis David was a French painter born on 30 August 1748 in Paris, France. Despite the influence of successful family members who were architects, David chose to pursue an art career. He first received art instructions under Joseph-Marie Vien before enrolling at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1766. Coupling his determination with …
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Andy Warhol was an American painter born on 6 August 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Andy suffered from a disease that kept him at home as a child. To pass the time, he played with paper cutouts and read comics. Warhol also took art classes at Carnegie Institute under Joseph Fitzpatrick. In 1945, Warhol enrolled at …
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David Hockney is a British painter born on 9 July 1937 in Bradford, England. Hockney began his art education at the Bradford School of Art in 1953, studying there for four years under Frank Lisle. He furthered his education at the Royal College of Art from 1959 to 1962. Hockney’s abilities shone at the college, …
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Paul Cézanne painted Mont Sainte-Victoire and Château Noir in oil on canvas in 1904. This painting is part of the Artizon Museum collection in Tokyo. What is depicted in the Mont Sainte-Victoire and Château Noir? The central part of the painting shows Château Noir surrounded by a dense forest, which is towered over by Mont Sainte-Victoire. Mont …
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Paul Cézanne painted Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley in oil on canvas between 1882 and 1885. This painting is part of the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. What is depicted in the Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley? In the foreground …
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The Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, etc., consisting of Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Berthe Morisot, Edgar Degas, Alfred Sisley, and Paul Cezanne, independently presented their works for the first time in 1874. The exhibition was held at 35 Boulevard des Capucines, the old studio of photographer Nadar. It was revolutionary to consider …
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Riders on the Beach is a painting by Paul Gauguin, executed in 1902 in Tahiti. The painting features five riders on horses, with two of them wearing hooded jackets and hiding their faces. Gauguin’s style in this painting seems to combine Impressionism and Cloisonnism, creating colorful shapes outlined in black. The riders are seen moving …
Golconda is an oil on canvas painting painted by Surrealist artist René Magritte in 1953. It is currently located in the Menil Collection of Houston, Texas, U.S. It represents a series of almost identical men with bowler hats suspended in mid-air. What is Depicted in the Golconda? The painting depicts a group of men dressed …
Piet Mondrian, Broadway Boogie Woogie, 1942-1943, Oil on canvas, 127 x 127 cm, The Museum of Modern Art, New York Broadway Boogie Woogie is one of the last works by Dutch abstract painter Piet Mondrian. Realized between 1942 and 1943, the painting depicts a vibrant grid of multi-colored lines and blocks of primary colors. …
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